Kupanga oxygen ya mafakitalezida, monga dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafakitale kupanga mpweya.
Ndiye njira yopangira oxygen m'mafakitale ndi iti?
Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira mpweya mwa kuwola hydrogen peroxide kapena potaziyamu permanganate mu labotale, yomwe imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achangu, ntchito yosavuta komanso yotolera bwino ya makina opanga okosijeni, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera ndipo sungathe kupangidwa mokulira. kuchuluka, kotero chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu labotale.Kupanga mafakitale kumafunika kuganizira ngati jenereta ya okosijeni yopangira zinthu zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupeza, kaya mtengo ndi wotsika mtengo, kaya mtengo wake ndi wochepa, kaya ukhoza kupangidwa mochuluka komanso momwe zimakhudzira chilengedwe.
Zotsatirazi zikufotokoza njira zenizeni zakupanga oxygen m'mafakitale.
1. Njira yosiyanitsira kuzizira kwa mpweya
Zigawo zazikulu za mpweya ndi mpweya ndi nayitrogeni.Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuwira mfundo yosiyana, kukonzekera mpweya kuchokera mlengalenga amatchedwa mpweya kulekana njira.Choyamba, mpweya chisanadze kuzirala, kuyeretsedwa (kuchotsa pang`ono chinyezi, mpweya woipa, acetylene, hydrocarbons ndi mpweya wina ndi fumbi ndi zosafunika zina mu mlengalenga), ndiyeno wothinikizidwa, utakhazikika, kuti pamwamba khumi. mitundu ya ma jenereta okosijeni kukhala mpweya wamadzimadzi.
Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa malo otentha a oxygen ndi nitrogen, mpweya wamadzimadziwo umasanduka nthunzi ndipo umafupikitsidwa kangapo mu distillation tower kuti ulekanitse mpweya ndi nitrogen.Ngati muwonjezera zida zina zowonjezera, muthanso kuchotsa argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon ndi mpweya wina wosowa wa inert womwe uli ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri.Mpweya wopangidwa ndi chipangizo cholekanitsa mpweya umapanikizidwa ndi kompresa, ndipo pamapeto pake mpweya wopanikizidwa umakwezedwa mu masilindala othamanga kwambiri kuti usungidwe, kapena kutumizidwa mwachindunji kumafakitale ndi ma workshop kudzera pa mapaipi.
2. Njira yopangira mpweya wa molekyulu (njira ya adsorption)
Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a mamolekyu a nayitrogeni akulu kuposa mamolekyu a okosijeni, mpweya wa mumpweya umalekanitsidwa ndi sieve yopangidwa mwapadera.Choyamba, kompresa amakakamiza mpweya wouma kudzera mu sieve ya molekyulu kupita ku vacuum adsorber, mamolekyulu a nayitrogeni mumlengalenga amalowetsedwa ndi sieve ya maselo, okosijeni kulowa mu adsorber, pomwe mpweya wa adsorber ufika pamlingo wina (kukakamiza kumafika pamlingo wina). mlingo), mutha kutsegula valavu ya oxygen kuti mutulutse mpweya.
Pakapita nthawi, nayitrogeni yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi sieve ya maselo imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, mphamvu ya adsorption imachepa, ndipo chiyero cha mpweya wotuluka chimachepa, choncho nayitrogeni yomwe imayikidwa pa sieve ya molekyulu iyenera kuponyedwa kunja ndi pampu ya vacuum, kenako kubwereza. ndondomeko pamwamba.Njira yopangira mpweya imeneyi imatchedwanso kuti adsorption.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-30-2021